Warning

Presentation

  • Unable to wear heeled footwear
  • Initiated by a single traumatic event
  • Increased pain after a period of activity
  • Symptoms exacerbated by footwear
  • Difficulty with footwear accommodation

Symptoms/signs

  • Pain to 1st MTPJ area or generalised forefoot pain
  • Increase pain and stiffness to 1st MTPJ
  • Gradual onset of pain
  • Swelling
  • Bony prominence/deformity
  • Loss of function
  • Crepitus of joint mobilisation
  • Parasethesia/pins and needles to lesser digits
  • Painful callus
  • Daylight sign
  • Family history
  • Limping
  • Inability to carry out normal sporting activity or walk long distances

Differential diagnosis

  • Hallux-Abducto Valgus, Hallux Limitus, Hallux rigidus
  • Morton's neuroma
  • Plantar plate tear
  • Capsulitis
  • Lesser toe deformities
  • Gout
  • Osteoarthritic changes

Primary care management

Evidence suggests that 80% of MSK problems are self limiting and will recover within 12-18 months. It is important to rule out serious pathology or any problem that warrants escalation but for all other cases a period of initial self directed rehabilitation should be given before any further intervention is considered.

Refer

If symptoms persist following 12 weeks of self management

Patients can self refer via SAP 030 3333 3001

They will be triaged into appropriate service i.e. Physiotherapy, Orthotist or Podiatrist.

SCI-Gateway referral should be completed for the following more urgent presentations:

Urgent referral

  • Previous complex fracture
  • Previous osteomyelitis
  • Non-healing wound
  • Sudden flat foot or sudden collapse of arch

Editorial Information

Last reviewed: 03/07/2026

Next review date: 03/07/2028

Reviewer name(s): Lynne Drennan.